Results for 'Matthew Saul Leifer'

949 found
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  1.  26
    A. Douglas Stone. Einstein and the Quantum: The Quest of the Valiant Swabian. 332 pp. Princeton University Press, 2013.Matthew Saul Leifer - 2016 - Spontaneous Generations 8 (1):105-108.
  2.  47
    Book reviews. [REVIEW]Beth Preston, Matthew Elton, Michael Losonsky, Saul Traiger, Randall R. Dipert & Jerome A. Shaffer - 1994 - Minds and Machines 4 (3):353-376.
  3.  19
    The conversational rollercoaster: Conversation analysis and the public science of talk.Elizabeth Stokoe, Edward J. B. Holmes, Emily Hofstetter, Matthew Tobias Harris, Marc Alexander, Charlotte Albury & Saul Albert - 2018 - Discourse Studies 20 (3):397-424.
    How does talk work, and can we engage the public in a dialogue about the scientific study of talk? This article presents a history, critical evaluation and empirical illustration of the public science of talk. We chart the public ethos of conversation analysis that treats talk as an inherently public phenomenon and its transcribed recordings as public data. We examine the inherent contradictions that conversation analysis is simultaneously obscure yet highly cited; it studies an object that people understand intuitively, yet (...)
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  4. Philosophical Speech Acts.Matthew Shields - 2020 - Philosophy 95 (4):497-521.
    The prevailing view among contemporary analytic philosophers seems to be that, as philosophers, we primarily issue assertions. Following certain suggestions from the work of Rudolf Carnap and Sally Haslanger, I argue that the non-assertoric speech act of stipulation plays a key role in philosophical inquiry. I give a detailed account of the pragmatic structure of stipulations and argue that they are best analyzed as generating a shared inferential entitlement for speaker and audience, a license to censure those who give uptake (...)
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  5. Truth, Lies, and the Narrative Self.Steve Matthews & Jeanette Kennett - 2012 - American Philosophical Quarterly 49 (4):301-316.
    Social persons routinely tell themselves and others richly elaborated autobiographical stories filled with details about deeds, plans, roles, motivations, values, and character. Saul, let us imagine, is someone who once sailed the world as a young adventurer, going from port to port and living a gypsy existence. In telling his new acquaintance, Jess, of his former exotic life, he shines a light on his present character and this may guide to some extent their interaction here and now. Perhaps Jess (...)
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  6.  52
    Compatibilism, Common Sense, and Prepunishment.Matthew Talbert - 2009 - Public Affairs Quarterly 23 (4):325-335.
    We “prepunish” a person if we punish her prior to the commission of her crime. This essay discusses our intuitions about the permissibility of prepunishment and the relationship between prepunishment and compatibilism about free will and determinism. It has recently been argued that compatibilism has particular trouble generating a principled objection to prepunishment. The failure to provide such an objection may be a problem for compatibilism if our moral intuitions strongly favor the prohibition of prepunishment. In defense of compatibilism, I (...)
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  7.  20
    Liberalism with Excellence.Matthew H. Kramer - 2017 - Oxford University Press.
    During the past several decades, political philosophers have frequently clashed with one another over the question whether governments are morally required to remain neutral among reasonable conceptions of excellence and human flourishing. Whereas the numerous followers of John Rawls have maintained that a requirement of neutrality is indeed incumbent on every system of governance, other philosophers -- often designated as 'perfectionists' -- have argued against the existence of such a requirement. Liberalism with Excellence enters these debates not by plighting itself (...)
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  8. Harming future people.Matthew Hanser - 1990 - Philosophy and Public Affairs 19 (1):47-70.
  9.  99
    Ethics and public health emergencies: Rationing vaccines.Matthew K. Wynia - 2006 - American Journal of Bioethics 6 (6):4 – 7.
    There are three broad ethical issues related to handling public health emergencies. They are the three R's - rationing, restrictions and responsibilities. Recently, a severe shortage of annual influenza vaccine in the US, combined with the threat of pandemic flu, has provided an opportunity for policy makers to think about rationing in very concrete terms. Some lessons from annual flu vaccination likely will apply to pandemic vaccine distribution, but many preparatory decisions must be based on very rough estimates. What ethical (...)
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  10. Are all conversational implicatures cancellable.Matthew Weiner - 2006 - Analysis 66 (2):127-130.
  11. Visual synchrony affects binding and segmentation in perception.Matthew Usher & N. Donnelly - 1998 - Nature 394:179-82.
  12. Truth without objectivity.Matthew Mcgrath - 2005 - Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 71 (2):491-494.
  13. Emotional Intentionality.Matthew Ratcliffe - 2019 - Royal Institute of Philosophy Supplement 85:251-269.
    This paper sketches an account of what distinguishes emotional intentionality from other forms of intentionality. I focus on the ‘two-sided’ structure of emotional experience. Emotions such as being afraid of something and being angry about something involve intentional states with specific contents. However, experiencing an entity, event, or situation in a distinctively emotional way also includes a wider-ranging disturbance of the experiential world within which the object of emotion is encountered. I consider the nature of this disturbance and its relationship (...)
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  14.  61
    Foucault on Freedom and Capabilities.Saul Tobias - 2005 - Theory, Culture and Society 22 (4):65-85.
    Within recent scholarship, a long-standing tendency to view Foucault as pessimistic about the possibilities of activism is now being reversed. For many contemporary commentators who emphasize the themes of personal agency, transgression and radical freedom in their assessment of his thought, Foucault offers new possibilities for political practice and for the pursuit of self-determination. However, an examination of Foucault’s work, particularly in the transitional period preceding his so-called ‘ethical’ writings, indicates his appreciation of basic human needs and functions that complicates (...)
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  15. Textual Economy Through Close Coupling of Syntax and Semantics.Matthew Stone Bonnie Webber - unknown
    We focus on the production of efficient descriptions of objects, actions and events. We define a type of efficiency, textual economy, that exploits the hearer’s recognition of inferential links to material elsewhere within a sentence. Textual economy leads to efficient descriptions because the material that supports such inferences has been included to satisfy independent communicative goals, and is therefore overloaded in the sense of Pollack [18]. We argue that achieving textual economy imposes strong requirements on the representation and reasoning used (...)
     
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  16. Pragmatism and Political Theory: From Dewey to Rorty.Matthew Festenstein - 1999 - Transactions of the Charles S. Peirce Society 35 (1):203-214.
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  17. Mental illness as mental: a defence of psychological realism.Matthew Broome & Lisa Bortolotti - 2009 - Humana Mente 3 (11):25-44.
    This paper argues for psychological realism in the conception of psychiatric disorders. We review the following contemporary ways of understanding the future of psychiatry: (1) psychiatric classification cannot be successfully reduced to neurobiology, and thus psychiatric disorders should not be conceived of as biological kinds; (2) psychiatric classification can be successfully reduced to neurobiology, and thus psychiatric disorders should be conceived of as biological kinds. Position (1) can lead either to instrumentalism or to eliminativism about psychiatry, depending on whether psychiatric (...)
     
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  18. Husserl and Nagel on subjectivity and the limits of physical objectivity.Matthew Ratcliffe - 2002 - Continental Philosophy Review 35 (4):353-377.
    Thomas Nagel argues that the subjective character of mind inevitably eludes philosophical efforts to incorporate the mental into a single, complete, physically objective view of the world. Nagel sees contemporary philosophy as caught on the horns of a dilemma.
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  19. Cognitivism and Non-Cognitivism.Matthew Bedke - 2017 - In Tristram Colin McPherson & David Plunkett (eds.), The Routledge Handbook of Metaethics. New York: Routledge. pp. 292-307.
    This chapter discusses the difference between cognitivism and non-cognitivism in metaethics. It considers the main arguments for and against each view, as well as arguments that the distinction cannot survive critical scrutiny.
     
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  20.  83
    A very weak square principle.Matthew Foreman & Menachem Magidor - 1997 - Journal of Symbolic Logic 62 (1):175-196.
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  21. On the Reality of Intrinsically Finkable Dispositions.Matthew Tugby - 2016 - Philosophia 44 (2):623-631.
    Recently, Choi has argued that current accounts of intrinsically finkable dispositions lead to absurd consequences in certain everyday cases. In this paper I offer a new argument for the existence of intrinsically finkable dispositions, one which provides a new way of testing for the presence of such dispositions. It is then argued that, with this new test in place, Choi’s examples no longer present a problem for the view that some dispositions are intrinsically finkable.
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  22.  39
    The Maudsley reader in phenomenological psychiatry.Matthew R. Broome (ed.) - 2012 - New York: Cambridge University Press.
    Brings together and interprets previously hard-to-find texts, new translations and passages detailing the interplay between philosophy and psychopathology.
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  23. Continuity and discontinuity of definite properties in the modal interpretation.Matthew Donald - unknown
    Technical results about the time dependence of eigenvectors of reduced density operators are considered, and the relevance of these results is discussed for modal interpretations of quantum mechanics which take the corresponding eigenprojections to represent definite properties. Continuous eigenvectors can be found if degeneracies are avoided. We show that, in finite dimensions, the space of degenerate operators has co-dimension 3 in the space of all reduced operators, suggesting that continuous eigenvectors almost surely exist. In any dimension, even when degeneracies are (...)
     
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  24.  44
    Oversimplifications I: Physicians don't do public health.Matthew K. Wynia - 2005 - American Journal of Bioethics 5 (4):4 – 5.
    *The views in this article are the author's alone and should not be construed as policy statements of the American Medical Association.
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  25.  16
    Examining Second Language Listening, Vocabulary, and Executive Functioning.Matthew P. Wallace & Kerry Lee - 2020 - Frontiers in Psychology 11.
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  26.  27
    Counterfactual state explanations for reinforcement learning agents via generative deep learning.Matthew L. Olson, Roli Khanna, Lawrence Neal, Fuxin Li & Weng-Keen Wong - 2021 - Artificial Intelligence 295 (C):103455.
  27.  23
    Beyond Re-enchantment: Christian Materialism and Modern Medicine.Matthew Vest - 2019 - Christian Bioethics 25 (3):266-282.
    This article explores enchantment, disenchantment, and re-enchantment in reference to modern medicine’s view of the body. Before considering Weber’s enchantment paradigm, I question some core assumptions regarding sociology as methodologically scientific and value-free. Furthermore, I draw on Jenkins who helps to illustrate the difficulty of rooting terms such as enchantment, disenchantment, and re-enchantment; the question remains “which” historical and cultural period is employed as the basis for such sociological terms. Such questions are critical, but not entirely dismissive of modern medicine (...)
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  28. Understanding existential changes in psychiatric illness: the indispensability of phenomenology.Matthew Ratcliffe - 2009 - In Matthew Broome & Lisa Bortolotti (eds.), Psychiatry as Cognitive Neuroscience: Philosophical Perspectives. New York: Oxford University Press.
  29.  80
    Problems of Dirty Hands As a Species of Moral Conflicts.Matthew H. Kramer - 2018 - The Monist 101 (2):187-198.
    Every problem of dirty hands is a moral conflict in which a highly unpalatable course of conduct is chosen for the sake of fulfilling a stringent moral duty, and in which either the chosen course of conduct is evil or else it would have been evil in the absence of the exigent circumstances to which it is a response. To support this conception of problems of dirty hands, this paper endeavors to elucidate the nature of moral conflicts and the nature (...)
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  30.  86
    Can the Future-Like-Ours Argument Survive Ontological Scrutiny?Matthew Adams & Nicholas Rimell - 2022 - Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 47 (5):667-680.
    We argue that the future-like-ours argument against abortion rests on an important assumption. Namely, in the first trimester of an aborted pregnancy, there exists something that would have gone on to enjoy conscious mental states, had the abortion not occurred. To accommodate this assumption, we argue, a proponent of the future-like-ours argument must presuppose that there is ontic vagueness. We anticipate the objection that our argument achieves “too much” because it also applies mutatis mutandis to conscious humans. We respond by (...)
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  31.  66
    Fairness and the Public's Role in Defining Decent Benefits.Matthew K. Wynia & Susan Dorr Goold - 2011 - American Journal of Bioethics 11 (7):1 - 2.
    The American Journal of Bioethics, Volume 11, Issue 7, Page 1-2, July 2011.
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  32.  29
    Phenomenology’s place in the philosophy of medicine.Matthew Burch - 2023 - Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics 44 (3):209-227.
    With its rise in popularity, work in the phenomenology of medicine has also attracted its fair share of criticism. One such criticism maintains that, since the phenomenology of medicine does nothing but describe the experience of illness, it offers nothing one cannot obtain more easily by deploying simpler qualitative research methods. Fredrik Svenaeus has pushed back against this charge, insisting that the phenomenology of medicine not only describes but also _defines_ illness. Although I agree with Svenaeus’s claim that the phenomenology (...)
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  33.  25
    Resilient infrastructure for network security.Matthew M. Williamson - 2003 - Complexity 9 (2):34-40.
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  34.  48
    Public health principlism: The precautionary principle and beyond.Matthew K. Wynia - 2005 - American Journal of Bioethics 5 (3):3 – 4.
    *The views represented are the author's alone and should not be construed as representing policies of the American Medical Association.
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  35. Ethics and public health emergencies: Restrictions on liberty.Matthew K. Wynia - 2007 - American Journal of Bioethics 7 (2):1 – 5.
    Responses to public health emergencies can entail difficult decisions about restricting individual liberties to prevent the spread of disease. The quintessential example is quarantine. While isolating sick patients tends not to provoke much concern, quarantine of healthy people who only might be infected often is controversial. In fact, as the experience with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) shows, the vast majority of those placed under quarantine typically don't become ill. Efforts to enforce involuntary quarantine through military or police powers also (...)
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  36.  36
    Reconstructing the Worlds of Wildlife: Uexküll, Hediger, and Beyond.Matthew Chrulew - 2020 - Biosemiotics 13 (1):137-149.
    The theoretical biology of Jakob von Uexküll has had significant conceptual and practical afterlives, in Continental philosophy, biosemiotics and elsewhere. This paper will examine the utilisation of Uexküll in twentieth-century zoo biology and its significance for relating to wildlife in hybrid environments. There is an important though rarely analysed line of inheritance from von Uexküll to Heini Hediger, the Swiss zoo director and animal psychologist. Hediger’s fundamental theoretical position began from the construction of the world from the animal’s point of (...)
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  37.  35
    Protecting citizens in hard times: citizenship and repatriation pressures in the United States and France during the 1930s.Matthew J. Baltz - 2015 - Theory and Society 44 (2):101-124.
  38. The subjective view of experience and its objective commitments.Matthew Soteriou - 2005 - Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society 105 (2):177-190.
    In the first part of the paper I try to explain why the disjunctive theory of perception can seem so counterintuitive by focusing on two of the standard arguments against the view-the argument from subjective indiscriminability and the causal argument. I suggest that by focusing on these arguments, and in particular the intuitions that lie behind them, we gain a clearer view of what the disjunctive theory is committed to and why. In light of this understanding, I then present an (...)
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  39. Legal and moral obligation.Matthew H. Kramer - 2004 - In Martin P. Golding & William A. Edmundson (eds.), The Blackwell Guide to the Philosophy of Law and Legal Theory. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell. pp. 179--190.
    This chapter contains section titled: The Obligation‐to‐Obey‐the‐Law What the Law Claims Matters of Form References Further Reading.
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  40.  19
    The role of geographic bias in knowledge diffusion: a systematic review and narrative synthesis.Matthew Harris, Julie Reed, Hamdi Issa & Mark Skopec - 2020 - Research Integrity and Peer Review 5 (1).
    BackgroundDescriptive studies examining publication rates and citation counts demonstrate a geographic skew toward high-income countries (HIC), and research from low- or middle-income countries (LMICs) is generally underrepresented. This has been suggested to be due in part to reviewers’ and editors’ preference toward HIC sources; however, in the absence of controlled studies, it is impossible to assert whether there is bias or whether variations in the quality or relevance of the articles being reviewed explains the geographic divide. This study synthesizes the (...)
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  41. Speaking for Oneself: Wittgenstein on Ethics.Matthew Pianalto - 2011 - Inquiry: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Philosophy 54 (3):252-276.
    In the “Lecture on ethics”, Wittgenstein declares that ethical statements are essentially nonsense. He later told Friedrich Waismann that it is essential to “speak for oneself” on ethical matters. These comments might be taken to suggest that Wittgenstein shared an emotivist view of ethics—that one can only speak for oneself because there is no truth in ethics, only expressions of opinion (or emotions). I argue that this assimilation of Wittgenstein to emotivist thought is deeply misguided, and rests upon a serious (...)
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  42.  22
    Religion, Off-Line Cognition and the Extended Mind.Matthew Day - 2004 - Journal of Cognition and Culture 4 (1):101-121.
    This essay argues that the "classical" or "standard" computation model of an enviroment of thought may hamstring the nascent cognitive science of religion by masking the ways in which the bare biological brain is prosthetically extended and embedded in the surrounding landscape. The motivation for distinsuishing between the problem-solving profiles of the basic brain and the brain-plus-scaffolding is that in many domains non-biological artifacts support and augment biological modes of computation - often allowing us to overcome some of the brain's (...)
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  43.  26
    Markets and Public Health: Pushing and Pulling Vaccines into Production.Matthew K. Wynia* - 2006 - American Journal of Bioethics 6 (3):3-6.
    *The views expressed are the author's own. This article should not be construed as representing policies of the American Medical Association.
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  44.  33
    Sources of variability in correlating syntactic complexity and working memory.Matthew Walenski & David Swinney - 1999 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 22 (1):112-112.
    Caplan & Waters's model differentiating levels of processing and the role of working memory is important and likely right. However, their claim rests on a lack of correlation between working memory and structural complexity. We examine sources of variability in these measures that remain unaccounted for (by anyone), variability that muddies a straightforward claim that the lack of correlation is cleanly established.
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  45. A responsibility to protect : seeking justice for cultural heritage.Matthew S. Weinert - 2019 - In Melissa Labonte & Kurt Mills (eds.), Human rights and justice: philosophical, economic, and social perspectives. New York, NY: Routledge.
     
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  46.  28
    Heuristics for choosing features to represent stimuli.Matthew D. Zeigenfuse & Michael D. Lee - 2010 - In S. Ohlsson & R. Catrambone (eds.), Proceedings of the 32nd Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. Cognitive Science Society. pp. 1565--1570.
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  47. On Peirce's Discovery of Cantor's Theorem: Sobre a Descoberta de Peirce do Teorema de Cantor.Matthew Moore - 2007 - Cognitio 8 (2).
  48.  36
    Forty Years of the Four Principles: Enduring Themes from Beauchamp and Childress.Matthew Shea - 2020 - Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 45 (4-5):387-395.
    This special issue commemorates the 40th anniversary of Tom Beauchamp and James Childress’s Principles of Biomedical Ethics with a collection of original essays addressing some of the major themes in the book. It opens with intellectual autobiographies by Beauchamp and Childress themselves. Subsequent articles explore the topics of common morality, specification and balancing of moral principles, virtue, moral status, autonomy, and lists of bioethical principles. The issue closes with a reply by Beauchamp and Childress to the other authors.
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  49. The idea of human prehistory: the natural sciences, the human sciences, and the problem of human origins in Victorian Britain.Matthew R. Goodrum - 2012 - History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences 34 (1-2):117-145.
     
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  50. Hegel and the Politics of Recognition.Saul Tobias - 2006 - The Owl of Minerva 38 (1-2):101-126.
    While political philosophers have turned to Hegel’s notion of recognition in their development of a theory of identity politics, a careful reading of the Phenomenology of Spirit, and of the master-servant dialectic in particular, reveals the limits of this approach. For Hegel, recognition cannot be separated from a process of self-determination, which is as essential to the development of genuine autonomy as the affirmation of claims to recognition. This article examines the role of self-determination in the Phenomenology of Spirit and (...)
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